#Slaves drowning in my addiction full
#Slaves drowning in my addiction windows

10 Trafficking adds complexity to international child, refugee and asylee care and the safeguarding of children accused of criminal activity. Risks increase when social protective networks are fractured secondary to intrafamilial or societal tensions, rejection of a child and aspects of their identity (including gender, sexuality, religion or disability), war or armed conflict, persecution, breakdown of the rule of law, climate emergencies and ensuing migration journeys. 59Ĭhildren of any nationality, legal status, gender and age can be at risk of trafficking. The exception is children with performance licenses (acting, modelling etc).

#Slaves drowning in my addiction full

*In the UK, children may work limited hours in certain jobs from 13 years old, and full time from 16 years. In all nations, local regions also have trafficking and exploitation purposes unique or nuanced to local demand (such as child soldiers, 5 child camel jockeys, 6 fishing, 7 witchcraft practices, 8 forced surrogacy 9 and illegal adoption for exploitation) with directly associated health impacts. 4 Children may be trafficked or enslaved for a range of purposes (detailed in table 1) that frequently overlap or occur on a continuum within and beyond childhood.

For children exploited for sex, trafficking and generic child sexual exploitation (CSE) terminology may be inconsistently applied. 3 Trafficking typically involves the deliberate relocation (once or multiple times) of a victim locally, nationally or internationally resulting in isolation, victim disorientation and dependence. 1 For victims under the age of 18 years, modern slavery in its myriad forms is considered violence against children (as defined by WHO 2), child abuse and a gross child rights violation compelling an urgent safeguarding and healthcare response.Ĭhild trafficking, perhaps the most recognised form of child modern slavery is legally defined in the UK as the ‘recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt’ of a child (<18 years of age) for the purpose of exploitation. ‘Modern slavery’ is an umbrella term for criminal acts of severe human exploitation. Research, health insights, advocacy and promotion of MSHT survivor input enhances the collaborative development of evidence-based approaches to prevention, intervention and aftercare of affected children and families. Healthcare professionals are also encouraged to have influence, where possible, beyond the care of individual patients. Healthcare providers benefit from understanding the diversity of potential physical, mental, behavioural and developmental health presentations, and the complexity of children’s responses to threat, fear, manipulation, deception and abuse. Recognition of child modern slavery victims can be very challenging.

#Slaves drowning in my addiction windows

Children with increased vulnerability to MSHT, victims (in active exploitation) and survivors (post-MSHT exploitation) are attending healthcare settings, presenting critical windows of opportunity for safeguarding and health intervention.

Modern slavery and human trafficking (MSHT) represents a major global public health concern with victims exposed to profound short-term and long-term physical, mental, psychological, developmental and even generational risks to health. Child trafficking is a form of modern slavery, a rapidly growing, mutating and multifaceted system of severe human exploitation, violence against children, child abuse and child rights violations.